![]() Sequences of initial rebound viruses closely match viral DNA sequences in PBMC and LNMC during ART suppression. ![]() ![]() We sequence viral RNA and viral DNA in these animals prior to ART initiation, during ART suppression, and following viral rebound, and we compare rebound viral RNA after ART discontinuation with near full-length viral DNA from peripheral blood and lymph node mononuclear cells (PBMC and LNMC) during ART suppression. Here we evaluate the origin of rebound virus in 16 ART-suppressed, chronically SIV-infected rhesus monkeys following ART discontinuation. Recent studies have suggested that rebound virus does not originate directly from individual latent proviruses but rather from recombination events involving multiple proviruses. However, the origin and nature of the rebound virus has remained unclear. Viral rebound following antiretroviral therapy (ART) discontinuation in HIV-1-infected individuals is believed to originate from a small pool of CD4+ T cells harboring replication-competent provirus.
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